Buccal Fat Removal
Buccal fat removal, also known as cheek reduction, buccal fat pad excision, or bichectomy, is the surgical procedure in which the buccal fat is removed, resulting in a youthful and aesthetically appealing appearance while achieving harmony in facial contour. The ideal candidate for surgery is the one with a strong zygomatic bone (cheek bone) hidden by prominent cheeks that cause excess facial roundness and a heavy-looking face. Following the excision of the fat pad, the volume of the lowest third of the face is reduced, the cheeks become hollow, and the zygomatic arch is accentuated. The surgery results may be observed between 4 and 6 months after the swelling subsides.
What is Buccal Fat Removal?
Buccal fat removal is a cosmetic surgical procedure for cheek contouring and midface tapering. Other names for the procedure are cheek reduction, buccal fat excision, bichectomy, or buccal lipectomy.
People with excessive buccal fat may present a child-like or overweight appearance despite appropriate weight for height. Surgical excision of buccal fat through intraoral incisions may result in zygomatic (cheekbone) prominence and inverted triangular beauty. Moreover, the patient's age and sex do not affect the procedure's outcomes.
Regarding the anesthesia regimen, the procedure is carried out under local anesthesia or conscious sedation. General anesthesia is required for extensive surgery when procedures like rhinoplasty or submental liposuction are performed simultaneously. Buccal fat removal is considered a simple and safe procedure that is routinely performed. However, there is scarce knowledge regarding the procedure's long-term effects and role in facial aging.
Rare complications are facial asymmetry, hemorrhage, hematoma, facial nerve impairment, mandible dislocation, pain when chewing, trismus (spasm of jaw muscles), or infection. The procedure is not suitable for patients with hemifacial atrophy (progressive deterioration of the skin and soft tissues on one side of the face) or hypoplastic malar bones (underdeveloped cheekbone).
Steps of the procedure
Buccal fat removal involves the following steps:
Anesthesia
The patient is placed supine with 30° head-of-bed elevation, and anesthetic medicines are administered to comfort them during the procedure. Usually, the procedure is performed under local anesthesia or intravenous sedation. However, the surgeon may recommend general anesthesia, depending on the patient's specific condition.
The incisions
A buccal fat removal procedure requires intraoral incisions (incisions inside the mouth). Sometimes, buccal fat removal is performed during facelift surgery. It rules out the use of incisions for removing cheek fat.
Closing the incisions
Incisions inside the mouth are closed using sutures. Usually, the sutures are absorbable, but each surgeon adopts a unique approach to performing the procedure. Be sure not to play with the sutures with your tongue until they are entirely absorbed or cleared by your surgeon.
Postoperative care
There is standard postoperative care for patients getting buccal fat removal through any procedure:
Patients should take a clear liquid diet and use antiseptic mouthwash four times daily. They should use cold compression pads five times a day for 10 minutes. This protocol should be carried out for the first three postoperative days, and neck and chin elastic compression garments should be worn 12 hours a day for seven days.
Types of Buccal Fat Removal
Which Buccal Fat Removal is Right for You?
Buccal fat removal is a cosmetic procedure aimed at reducing fullness in the cheek area. There are several different methods of removing buccal fat, including surgical excision, liposuction, endoscopic removal, and non-surgical dissolving. Surgical excision involves making an incision inside the cheek to remove the fat and is typically performed under general anesthesia. Liposuction involves using a small, hollow tube to suction out the fat and can be performed under local or general anesthesia. Endoscopic removal uses a small camera and instruments inserted through the mouth to remove the fat and is typically performed under general anesthesia. Non-surgical dissolving involves injecting an enzyme that breaks down the fat over time and is performed without any anesthesia. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the best option for an individual will depend on their specific needs and goals. It is important to discuss the options and potential outcomes with a qualified plastic surgeon.
Surgical excision
Surgical excision is a method of buccal fat removal in which an incision is made inside the cheek to remove the fat. This procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia and can take one to two hours. The surgeon will make a small incision inside the cheek, locate and remove the buccal fat pad, and then close the incision with sutures or stitches. The recovery period for a surgical excision typically lasts one to two weeks, with full recovery taking several weeks. Although the procedure is considered safe and effective, it does carry the risks associated with any surgical procedure, such as bleeding, infection, and scarring. It is important to discuss the options and potential outcomes with a qualified plastic surgeon.
Liposuction
Liposuction is a method of buccal fat removal in which a small, hollow tube, called a cannula, is inserted into the cheek to suction out the fat. This procedure can be performed under local or general anesthesia, and typically takes one to two hours. The surgeon will make a small incision inside the cheek, insert the cannula, and use it to suction out the fat. The incision will then be closed with sutures or stitches. The recovery period for liposuction typically lasts one to two weeks, with full recovery taking several weeks. Although liposuction is considered safe and effective, it does carry the risks associated with any surgical procedure, such as bleeding, infection, and scarring. It is important to discuss the options and potential outcomes with a qualified plastic surgeon.
Endoscopic removal
Endoscopic removal is a method of buccal fat removal in which a small camera and instruments are inserted through the mouth to remove the fat. This procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia and can take one to two hours. The surgeon will make small incisions in the mouth and insert a camera and instruments to locate and remove the buccal fat pad. The incisions will then be closed with sutures or stitches. The recovery period for endoscopic removal typically lasts one to two weeks, with full recovery taking several weeks. This method of buccal fat removal offers several benefits, such as reduced scarring and a quicker recovery period compared to traditional surgical excision. However, it does carry the risks associated with any surgical procedure, such as bleeding, infection, and scarring. It is important to discuss the options and potential outcomes with a qualified plastic surgeon.
Non-surgical dissolving
Non-surgical dissolving is a method of buccal fat removal in which an enzyme is injected into the cheek to break down the fat over time. This procedure is performed without any anesthesia and typically takes less than one hour. The enzyme is injected into the cheek to dissolve the fat, and the body will naturally process and remove the fat over time. Non-surgical dissolving does not require any incisions or stitches, and the recovery period is minimal. This method of buccal fat removal offers several benefits, such as reduced scarring and a quicker recovery period compared to traditional surgical methods. However, it may not be as effective as traditional surgical methods, and the results may take several months to become apparent. It is important to discuss the options and potential outcomes with a qualified plastic surgeon.